Retinol When Breastfeeding: Safety & Alternatives

Make sure you check with your dermatologist before using retinol-containing skin products.

Medically reviewed by Dr. Ben Abbes Taarji Hicham, MD Dr. Ben Abbes Taarji Hicham Dr. Ben Abbes Taarji HichamMD MomJunction on FacebookFollow MomJunction on TwitterFollow MomJunction on LinkedinFollow MomJunction on YouTubeFollow MomJunction on Instagram Specialty: Obstetrics & GynecologyExperience: 20 years
Written by , M.Pharm, PhD Dr. Joyani Das M.Pharm, PhD Follow MomJunction on Linkedin Specialty: Pharma, Health and WellnessExperience: 3.5 years
Edited by , BSc, MBA Rohit Garoo BSc, MBA Follow MomJunction on Linkedin Specialty: Baby Health and WellnessExperience: 9 years
Fact-checked by , B.Tech Anindita Ghatak B.Tech Follow MomJunction on Linkedin Specialty: Health & WellnessExperience: 3 years
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A Breastfeeding Mom Applying Retinol On her Face

Image: Shutterstock

The use of retinol while breastfeeding lacks extensive studies, so little is known about its safety in lactating mothers. Retinol and retinoids are a group of compounds that are usually found in several skincare products for acne, skin pigmentation problems, fine lines, and wrinkles. They are available in topical and oral forms (1). Retinol and retinoids (especially oral forms) have been found to be harmful during pregnancy. This forms the basis of its use with caution while breastfeeding (2). Read on as we discuss the various aspects of retinol and retinoids for dermatological use when breastfeeding.

In This Article

What Is Retinol?

Retinol is a form of vitamin A, a fat-soluble vitamin (3). Vitamin A is the first vitamin to become an FDA-approved anti-wrinkle product. Vitamin A and its derivatives form the group known as retinoids, which are known to slow the skin-aging process primarily by increasing the production of keratinocytesiCells that majorly compose the outer layer (epidermis) of the skin and secrete keratin protein , retaining skin hydration, and reducing the breakdown of collagen in the skin. Retinoids are used to treat skin issues such as acne, rosaceaiAn inflammatory skin condition causing redness and rash, usually on the nose and cheeks , psoriasisiAn autoimmune condition that causes raised, red, and scaly patches on the skin. It occurs when skin cells multiply at an abnormally fast pace , pyodermaiRare condition that causes skin ulcerations , and ichthyosisiA condition that makes the skin thick, dry (like fish scales), red, and itchy . Retinol shows its biological action after transforming into active metabolites such as retinoic acid. These compounds work via nuclear receptors that act at the DNA level (4).

Differences Between Retinol And Retinoids

Retinoids include all natural and synthetic derivatives of vitamin A

Image: Shutterstock

Retinol and retinoids are often used interchangeably when it comes to dermatological products. However, they are not the same. Retinol is a form of vitamin A, while retinoids denote an umbrella term that includes vitamin A and the compounds structurally and functionally related to it. Retinoids refer to both natural, biologically active forms of vitamin A (retinol, retinal, and retinoic acid) and synthetic derivatives of retinol (etretinate, acitretin, and tazarotene) (4).

protip_icon Quick fact
Retinoids may be classified into three generations based on their chemical structure and properties. Retinol, retinal, tretinoin, and isotretinoin belong to the first, etretinate and acitretin to the second, and arotinoid, adapalene, and tazarotene to the third generation, respectively (4).

Can You Use Retinol When Breastfeeding?

There is insufficient scientific data to interpret whether retinol and retinoids are safe while breastfeeding. However, evidence indicates their adverse effects on maternal health if taken during pregnancy. Vitamin A is normally present in breast milk and is likely to be secreted in it (5). It is unknown to what extent topical retinoids are secreted in breast milk, but it is expected to be a small amount (6). However, lactating women should use even topical retinoids only under medical supervision. When using topical retinoids during breastfeeding, it is advisable to avoid applying them on the nipple, areola, or large body surfaces. Mothers should wash their hands after application and prevent the baby’s skin from coming in direct contact with the treated areas (7) (8).

Lactating women should use even topical retinoids only under medical supervision

Image: Shutterstock

What Are The Risks Of Using Retinol When Breastfeeding?

Retinoids, especially oral, may cause congenital anomalies if taken early in pregnancy. They have been found to be associated with fetal retinoid syndrome, which may present as restricted growth, hydrocephalusiExcessive fluid buildup in the brain cavities , microcephalyiA condition where a newborn's head is smaller compared to the rest of the body , learning difficulties, cleft palateiA birth defect that causes a gap or split in the mouth's palate (roof) , heart problems, and ear and eye abnormalities in some newborns (2) (9).Studies on breastfed infants are scarce and unlikely to be carried out on a large scale due to ethical reasons. So, the recommendation to exercise caution while using retinoids while breastfeeding is based on the reported adverse effects during pregnancy.

If baby skin comes in contact with topical retinoids, it may cause side effects such as itching or redness (10).

Safe Skincare Alternatives When Breastfeeding

Glycolic and lactic acid peels are safe alternatives

Image: Shutterstock

It is not necessary to cease all skincare treatments during breastfeeding. Retinoids are primarily used for acne and psoriasis, and certain alternative treatments may provide comparable results and be used safely in nursing mothers. However, it is advisable to consult a board-certified dermatologist first. Alternatives include:

For acne treatment (11)

  1. Azelaic acid: It is used topically and has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and comedolyticiAgents that can unclog skin pores or hair follicles clogged with oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria properties. Twice daily application up to a maximum strength of 20% may be considered safe during breastfeeding.
  2. Benzoyl peroxide: When applied topically, it shows antimicrobial and keratolytic properties and may be used in combination with antibiotics. Systemic absorption is minimal, and twice daily application of products containing 5% benzoyl peroxide may be considered safe.
  3. Sodium sulfacetamide: It is a topical antimicrobial agent that may be used when breastfeeding. The only exception is if the breastfeeding infant has glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency or hyperbilirubinemia, as it may increase the risk of infantile jaundice and kernicterus.
  4. Salicylic acid: Safe when used topically in small amounts and for a short duration.
  5. Glycolic acid and lactic acid peels: They have shown limited skin penetration and may be safely used.
  6. Topical antibiotics: Antibiotics that are considered safe when used topically include clindamycin, erythromycin, and metronidazole.
  7. Oral antibiotics: Oral antibiotics such as penicillins, cephalosporins, and some macrolides  (erythromycin and azithromycin) may be taken on prescription during breastfeeding (12).
  8. Intralesional corticosteroids: They may be considered lactation-safe as a minimum amount of steroid is absorbed. Effective for acne cysts and inflammatory nodules.

protip_icon Point to consider
Oral antibiotics of the class Sulfonamides/Trimethoprim are also considered lactation-safe, but they need to be avoided if the infant is premature or has conditions such as jaundice or glucose-6-phosphate deficiency (12).

For psoriasis treatment (13)
  1. Topical corticosteroids: Avoid application on or near the nipples.
  2. Calcipotriene: It is a synthetic derivative of vitamin D meant to be applied on the psoriasis-affected skin areas.
  3. Phototherapy: Narrowband UVB and broadband UVB phototherapy may be used when breastfeeding. It may be used for both acne and psoriasis. However, visiting the treatment center two or three times per week may not be convenient when you have a newborn to care for.
UVB phototherapy may be safe when breastfeeding

Image: Shutterstock

Other Skincare Ingredients You Should Avoid When Breastfeeding

Skincare ingredients that lactating women are advised to avoid are (11) (14):

  • Topical antiandrogens, such as Clascoterone cream 1%, as the effects on lactation are unknown
  • Oral hormonal therapies
  • Both topical and oral tetracycline, co-trimoxazole, and fluoroquinolone antibiotics
  • Methotrexate used to treat psoriasis is contraindicated while breastfeeding (15)
  • Hydroquinone in skin-lightening products should be used after consulting a dermatologist (16)
  • Skincare products that contain potentially harmful chemicals such as parabens, phthalates, and triclosan (17)
Avoid skincare products that contain harmful ingredients

Image: Shutterstock

protip_icon Point to consider
Among medications used in antiandrogen therapy, Spironolactone is considered compatible with breastfeeding (12)

How Early Can You Start Using Retinol After Pregnancy?

Though topical retinol therapy is considered low-risk post-childbirth, it is advisable to resume treatment with such agents after you finish breastfeeding your baby (18).

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Can I use hyaluronic acid with retinol when breastfeeding?

Hyaluronic acid alone is considered safe during breastfeeding (19). However, as retinol is not usually recommended, the combination is less likely to be used. It is best to consult a dermatologist before using any combinations for skin treatment when breastfeeding.

2. What if I accidentally use retinol when breastfeeding?

Accidental use of retinol while breastfeeding is not likely to be harmful for your baby, especially if a topical product has been used (18). Nevertheless, do inform your doctor and take their opinion.

3. Does retinol affect breast milk?

Retinol is a normal component of breast milk and may be secreted in it (5). However, retinol has not been reported to otherwise affect breast milk.

4. Can I use retinol serum when breastfeeding?

All retinol or retinoid-containing products should be used with caution and under the supervision of a board-certified dermatologist.

Retinol and its related products are largely available over-the-counter and also as prescribed medications. It is advisable to use such products under medical guidance while breastfeeding. Ensure that your baby does not come in contact with the treated skin areas if at all you are using such products. Treatment, especially with oral retinoids, is best to be postponed till breastfeeding is over. Safer alternatives to retinoids for treating skin conditions such as acne and psoriasis are available, but they also require a doctor’s approval. Make sure you carefully read the labels before procuring skincare products to avoid potentially harmful ingredients.

Infographic: Skincare Treatments Considered Safe For Lactating Women

Safer alternatives to retinoids may be used to treat skin conditions such as acne when nursing. It is advisable to consult a board-certified dermatologist if your problem is severe. Both medications and skincare procedures may be useful in addressing such skin issues. The infographic below enlists some such alternatives.

safe skincare treatments for breastfeeding women (infographic)

Illustration: Momjunction Design Team

Key Pointers

  • Retinol may be present in several OTC skincare products.
  • Retinol is a form of vitamin A, while retinoids comprise all compounds that are structurally and functionally similar to vitamin A.
  • Retinoids are associated with adverse fetal outcomes and are usually not recommended during breastfeeding.
  • Topical retinoids have less possibility to be present in breastmilk and may be considered low risk compared to oral ones.
  • It is best to use alternatives such as glycolic acid and lactic acid peels wherever applicable.


Taking care of your skin while breastfeeding is quite essential for a new mom to prevent discomfort. Find out more about skincare and the safety of products like retinol in this video.

References

MomJunction's articles are written after analyzing the research works of expert authors and institutions. Our references consist of resources established by authorities in their respective fields. You can learn more about the authenticity of the information we present in our editorial policy.
  1. Retinoid or Retinol?
    https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-secrets/anti-aging/retinoid-retinol
  2. Vitamin A (Retinol)
    https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/supplement/vitamin-a-retinol
  3. Malwina Zasada and Elżbieta Budzisz (2019) Retinoids: active molecules influencing skin structure formation in cosmetic and dermatological treatments
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6791161/
  4. Vitamin A
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513060/
  5. Topical Tretinoin
    https://mothertobaby.org/fact-sheets/tretinoin-retin-a-pregnancy/
  6. Tretinoin
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK501419/#
  7. Melika Motamedi et al (2021) A Clinician’s Guide to Topical Retinoids
    https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/12034754211035091
  8. AKLIEF (trifarotene) cream
    https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/211527s000lbl.pdf
  9. Retinoids Topical
    https://www.aocd.org/page/Retinoidstopical
  10. Sophia Ly et al (2022) Treatment of Acne Vulgaris During Pregnancy and Lactation A Narrative Review
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13555-022-00854-3
  11. Lactation and medications used in dermatology
    https://dermnetnz.org/topics/lactation-and-medications-used-in-dermatology
  12. Can a Woman Treat Psoriasis while Pregnant or Breastfeeding?
    https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/psoriasis/treatment/stage/pregnant
  13. Y L Kong and H L Tey (2013) Treatment of acne vulgaris during pregnancy and lactation
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23657872/#
  14. Methotrexate
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK501341/
  15. Hydroquinone topical
    https://www.lancastergeneralhealth.org/healthwise-library/healthwise-article?documentId=d01319a1
  16. Chemicals to Avoid When You’re Pregnant or Breastfeeding
    https://www.nrdc.org/stories/chemicals-avoid-when-youre-pregnant-or-breastfeeding
  17. Skin Care Hair Care and Cosmetic Treatments in Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
    https://www.seslhd.health.nsw.gov.au/sites/default/files/groups/Royal_Hospital_for_Women/Mothersafe/documents/skinhairpregbr2021.pdf
  18. Hyaluronic Acid
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/22915-hyaluronic-acid
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Dr. Ben Abbes Taarji Hicham
Dr. Ben Abbes Taarji HichamMD
Dr. Ben Abbes Taarji Hicham is a practicing obstetrician and gynecologist with around 20 years of experience in the field. Having worked in various Moroccan hospitals, he currently runs a private practice. Dr. Hicham specializes in rejuvenation and cosmetic gynecology, medically assisted reproduction, breast and gynecological cancers, HPV diseases, hysteroscopy and laparoscopy, and hormonal disorders.

Read full bio of Dr. Ben Abbes Taarji Hicham
Dr. Joyani Das
Dr. Joyani DasM.Pharm, PhD
Dr. Joyani Das did her post-graduation from Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra and PhD in Pharmacology. Previously, she worked as an associate professor, faculty of Pharmacology, for two years. With her research background in preclinical studies and a zeal for scientific writing, she joined MomJunction as a health writer.

Read full bio of Dr. Joyani Das
Rohit Garoo
Rohit GarooBSc, MBA
Rohit Garoo is a writer-turned-editor with over 9 years of experience in content writing, editing, and content marketing. He did his bachelors in Science at St. Xavier's College, Hyderabad, and masters in Business Administration at Osmania University.

Read full bio of Rohit Garoo
Anindita Ghatak
Anindita GhatakB.Tech
Anindita Ghatak holds a B.Tech degree in Biotechnology from Amity University, Kolkata. During the course of her studies, she has worked on different research projects in the fields of Microbiology and Bioinformatics. Anindita has over three years of experience writing medical articles for journals.

Read full bio of Anindita Ghatak